To date, the problem of visual impairment (rapid development of various eye diseases) in people with different age categories is very acute. All is to blame the default attitude towards health and excessive burden on the vision organs. Computers, tablets, phones, televisions and e -books - all of these things can not only simplify life, but rather, danger.
Fortunately, science does not stand still and the disease that has died, now you can eliminate almost without the consequences and complications.
Correction of laser vision
Laser vision correction is an opportunity not only to leave glasses and touch lenses, but also the only effective and safe way to maintain vision in old age.
Advantages of this procedure:
- Safety. It is a relatively low probability of developing serious complications.
- Efficiency for any violation. This operation is performed not only to improve vision and eliminate optics. In some cases, laser correction cannot be released (this applies to diseases that lead to blindness).
- Pain. Before starting the procedure, the patient is buried in the organs to see anesthetic, so the maximum that the patient can feel is a simple discomfort at certain stages of surgical intervention.
- Continuity. The procedure itself lasts a minute, the main time is spent preparing to spend it.
- A short recovery period. In this case, there is no need for hospital design. This procedure is performed on outpatients and after which the patient can return home.
- Stability and predictions. How effective the surgery is almost always known to the doctor before. The result is persistent for a long time (the exception may be the presence of progressive myopia in patients).
The choice of experts and places of operation are always behind the patient. Prices of doctors and services in private clinics may vary. Their formation is influenced by many factors. Therefore, it is worth the time to find information and explain all interesting questions first.
A variety of surgery
There are several correction methods. Each of them has their own advantages and disadvantages. A list of laser correction types:
- laser (subepithelial) keratomilesis;
- Keratectomy of photo refinement;
- Femtosecond LKZ.
Photo refinement keratectomy (Federal Migration Services) began to spent decades ago in Germany. Using this procedure, exposure to the cornea with the jump laser. The testimony to perform is astigmatism, myopia and far away.
A significant drawback of photo method -Respons keratectomy is a long and unpleasant recovery period. Also, the vision after the procedure does not return immediately, but gradually, complications are possible. Therefore, they only use it when other more modern and effective methods are contraindicated.
Keratomilesis subpithelial laser (lasek). Unlike the previous method, during operation, the surface cornea layer does not occur, it simply turns to the side. The recovery period lasts less than the federal migration service.
Laser keratomilesis (lasik). Currently, this is the safest and most effective method of correction. The recovery period is short, the vision improves in the first hour after surgery.
Femtosecond Lec (Femo Lasik) is one of the modifications of the LASIK method, which helps to achieve perfect results. The risk is reduced, the return of vision, and the duration of the recovery do not last long. Also, this method has fewer contraindications than regular laser correction. This procedure can be performed on patients even with "dry eye syndrome".
There are also other modifications of the main method. The choice of the most relevant method in certain situations is made by a doctor.
Indications and contraindications
Laser vision correction, like other procedures, has its own guidance and contraindications. Indicators are divided into two types: medicine and professional.
Medical indicators for correction of laser vision are the presence of such a violation on one eye (another):
- Farsightedness;
- astigmatism;
- Myopia.
Professional indicators (expertise where it is not suitable for wearing lenses or glasses):
- Firefighters;
- police;
- military;
- People who work in the industrial field (where there are many dust, smoke and other bad factors).
Contraindications are relative and absolute. Absolute including:
- Autoimmune pathology;
- Immunodeficiency;
- diseases that affect the process and rate of healing after surgery;
- the presence of only one eye in the patient;
- myopia (progressive);
- herpesvirus infection;
- retina detachment;
- Corneal thinning.
List of relative contraindications:
- Diabetes mellitus;
- psychosis;
- Breastfeeding Pregnancy;
- heart problems in patients (presence of pacemaker);
- Ophthalmological diseases of inflammation;
- scars in the cornea (shell);
- Changes in retina and fundus.
This operation is strictly forbidden to run people who have not reached the age of 18. This is due to the physiological features (not fully formed by the eyeball).
Preparation for laser correction
When the operation to restore vision has been assigned, an eye specialist recommends taking several tests and following certain rules. You may also need consultation for other experts: therapists, endocrinologists, cardiologists, etc.
Analysis that must be taken before the procedure:
- general blood tests;
- General urine analysis;
- HIV analysis;
- Analysis for syphilis;
- hepatitis analysis;
- Coagulogram.
A list of very important suggestions to do for admission to surgical intervention:
- Stop wearing touch lenses (should do one to two weeks before surgery);
- Reject a few days before the procedure from alcoholic beverages and alcohol -containing drugs;
- Place yourself before the procedure;
- Breakfast on the day of the specified date must be easy;
- It is not possible to apply makeup on the face and perfume to the body before surgery;
- It is necessary to buy and take sunglasses with you (they will be needed after the procedure and during the recovery period);
- It is advisable to take the person close to him for an increase in laser vision that will remember all the doctor's recommendations on the postoperative period will help return home, and the first time will take care of the patient.
Fulfillment of these conditions is very important, as the success of the procedure and the final results depends on this.
How the procedure is carried out
Almost all types of laser corrections are carried out in 3 main stages. If we are talking about the most effective, popular and demanding procedures, then it is as follows:
- First stage. The laser or microcarath creates a flap on the cornea surface and takes it to the side.
- Second stage. There is a change in the form of a cornea with a laser beam (it must be in accordance with the individual parameters of the patient).
- Third stage. The flap is returned to the starting position and taken.
Many hear that patients seal their eyes during surgery. Sometimes patients wake up during the procedure, and trauma is possible. In this case, the eyes were not sealed during the laser correction, as the anesthetic decreased was implanted before the procedure and the operation itself lasted a few minutes, so such steps were too much.
Post -operative period
The postoperative period lasts each other. But after Lasik's laser correction, the patient felt an increase in the early days and did not feel much discomfort.
After surgical intervention, it is necessary to explain all possible complications, asking interesting questions, as well as hearing the main suggestions.
A list of action estimates in the postoperative period (this period depends on many factors):
- You can only sleep behind you;
- It is necessary to visit an eye specialist within the specified date;
- After surgery, it is necessary to wear sunglasses on the road (they protect against dust, infections and small particles in the eyes);
- You can't touch your hands in a operated place;
- The prescribed medications must be used strictly in time and in the amount indicated;
- It is best not to wash your head on the first day after surgery;
- You can wash only with purified water or boil;
- For some time, you should leave the use of cosmetics and decoration;
- It is important to be physically simplified for some time (doctors must report the end of restrictions on receipt after the examination);
- You cannot visit a sauna, swimming pool and other public places where you can catch the infection;
- It is necessary to reduce the load on the eye (refusing to read, watch TV, use of telephone and long tablets);
- It is strictly forbidden to drive a car during the postoperative period;
- If it hurts or feels uncomfortable, you should contact a specialist.
There are some nutrition suggestions. Because laser correction is still surgery, and therefore certain pressure for the body, you need to eat properly.
As in other times, foods should be useful and contain the vitamins needed. To improve vision, it is recommended to eat fruits and vegetables -rich in vitamins A and C.
For this they are appropriate:
- Fruits and berries: blueberries, apricots, peaches, kiwi, and so on;
- Vegetables: broccoli, carrot, tomato, pumpkin;
- dairy products (cottage cheese);
- Fish: salmon, macarel;
- Meat: chicken, rabbit, turkey;
- Offal (kidneys and liver);
- Egg (yellow).
During the postoperative period, it is strictly prohibited from drinking alcohol and it is advisable to leave smoking.If the health is worsening in the first week after surgery and the prescription of additional drugs is required, the doctor should be mentioned about the new laser correction.
Risk and consequence of operations
Although laser correction is basically no serious danger, there are situations when complications still arise and they cause unpleasant consequences. Eye experts and patients, who agree with the operation, must be mentioned in acceptance, must be prepared for possible risks.
A list of possible complications that may occur during operation:
- Horn shells can be covered;
- Visual acuity can decrease;
- Images may start to double;
- Astigmatism develops.
Such problems can arise for various reasons: lack of experience and professionalism in doctors, incorrect selected tools or correction methods, technical reasons, etc.
Complications that may occur after surgery:
- swelling, inflammation, itching, pain and burning;
- allergic reactions to drugs;
- lack of increased or deterioration;
- Blindness (due to individual intolerance).
Some problems may not occur immediately, but some time after surgery:
- the return of eye disease (therapeutic effects);
- dry eye syndrome;
- The pathological process affects the cornea (keratoconus, erosion, and others).
Laser correction methods have the advantages and disadvantages. To decide this procedure or not is the case of everyone. In some cases, it helps improve the quality of life (allowing to walk without glasses and lenses), and sometimes save from complete blindness.
Surgery
Despite the high popularity of laser correction, there are situations when you are unable to do without other microsurgical operations. They save from the blindness of patients with glaucoma, cataracts and various pathologies of retina. And also have several advantages and disadvantages.
To combat cataracts, the operation was performed to remove the lens and its replacement with the lens. Microsurgery is also able to deal with retinal disease. To do this, the doctor reaches a complete suitability with a cloth (subject) or removes scars and cloth from the vitreous body with signs of pathological change. Glaucoma is won by surgery to restore fluid balance in the organs.
Such procedures (surgical intervention) are widely used : :
- keratoplasty (through this procedure, the function and form of the cornea restored);
- scleroplasty (operation that helps suspend progressive myopia);
- Lens implantation (Fakid): Farsightedness and myopia are adjusted;
- vitrectomy (during this procedure, the pathological process in the retina is eliminated)
- Lensectomy (during operation of the lens is removed and replaced with intraocular lenses).
Operation ophthalmic intervention can be crazy or shallow. Laser correction refers to the type of surface, and the operation to remove the cataract to the strip.
Surgical intervention comes to rescue when laser correction is prohibited or unable to overcome serious ophthalmological disease (cataracts, glaucoma, etc. ).Therefore, if the doctor asserts it in the way of surgery to fight the disease, then he or she needs to believe it.
Treatment of ophthalmic disease is rarely cheap, and this is not due to a doctor's desire to get as much money as possible. This is due to the high cost of materials and equipment in which the treatment is performed. Eternal issues are also the decision to choose a clinic: private or state. In this case, it's hard to guess. Doctors from the state clinic may have more experience, and he has made all the procedures efficiently and confidently, and doctors from private clinics have more conditions for successful work (modern equipment). Some doctors work simultaneously in private and state clinics, so you do not need to focus on service prices. The presence of positive reviews and suggestions is more important.